The US group NOAA says that El Niño has started in the Pacific Ocean. El Niño is a natural weather pattern. It makes the world warmer. Scientists see that ocean temperatures are already 0.5C above the average. This is a big change for the weather.
There is a 63% chance of a very strong El Niño from November to January. If this happens, it will be one of the biggest events since 1950. A strong El Niño means the ocean is 1.5C warmer than normal. A very strong El Niño means it is 2C warmer. This can change the weather everywhere.
El Niño also makes the air temperature go up by 0.2C. Experts say this is happening at the same time as global warming. This combination can make the weather very strange and intense. The weather changes in different ways for different places.
Some places will have a lot of rain. For example, northern Peru and southern Ecuador may have floods. Floods can also happen in East Africa and the southern USA. This causes problems for people and buildings.
Other places will have the opposite problem. Australia, Indonesia, and northern South America may have droughts. A drought means there is very little water. This is bad for farms. It also makes wildfires more common. These changes are part of El Niño. Scientists are watching the ocean closely to help countries prepare for these changes.